Toxic and Deficiency Encephalopathies
Systemic organ failure Liver failure: acute, chronic Renal failure: acute, chronic Cardiac failure Pulmonary disease: hypoxemia and hypercarbia/hypercapnia Nutritional deficiency Vitamin B1 deficiency (Wernicke’s encephalopathy, Korsakoff’s syndrome, Marchiafava-Bignami disease) Vitamin…
Intellectual Disability
© Springer-Verlag Italia 2015Angelo Sghirlanzoni, Giuseppe Lauria and Luisa Chiapparini (eds.)Prognosis of Neurological Diseases10.1007/978-88-470-5755-5_17 17. Intellectual Disability Stefano D’Arrigo1 , Enrico Alfei1 and Chiara Pantaleoni1 (1) Developmental Neurology Department, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico “C. Besta”, Via Celoria 11, Milan, 20133,…
Antibody-Mediated Encephalitis
© Springer-Verlag Italia 2015Angelo Sghirlanzoni, Giuseppe Lauria and Luisa Chiapparini (eds.)Prognosis of Neurological Diseases10.1007/978-88-470-5755-5_15 15. Antibody-Mediated Encephalitis Luigi Zuliani1, Marco Zoccarato1 and Bruno Giometto1 (1) UOC Neurologia, Ospedale “Ca’Foncello”, Azienda ULSS9, Treviso, Italy Bruno Giometto Email: bruno.giometto@unipd.it KeywordsAutoimmune…
Myelin Disorders: Postinfectious Neurological Syndromes
Fig. 13.1 Relapse-free survival in PINSs and in MS: patients with PINSs, either those with isolated central damage (encephalitis, encephalomyelitis, and myelitis, red line) and the variants with additional peripheral…
Myelin Disorders: Devic’s Syndrome
© Springer-Verlag Italia 2015Angelo Sghirlanzoni, Giuseppe Lauria and Luisa Chiapparini (eds.)Prognosis of Neurological Diseases10.1007/978-88-470-5755-5_12 12. Myelin Disorders: Devic’s Syndrome Graziella Filippini1 (1) Scientific Direction, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy Graziella Filippini Email: gfilippini@istituto-besta.it KeywordsAquaporin-4…
Prion Diseases
Fig. 10.1 Molecular strain types of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). Schematic representation of distinct PrPSc conformers associated with CJD. PrPSc types are identified, based on the different fragment sizes seen on…
Viral Infections of the Nervous System
Fig. 7.1 Herpes simplex encephalitis, subacute stage. Coronal FLAIR images (a, b) show dishomogeneous hyperintensity in the left temporal medial region and in the left insula. Note the mild enlargement…
Trauma of the Central Nervous System
Points Description Best motor response 1 No movement 2 Extensor response (decerebrate): elbow extension with pronation and adduction (to local painful stimulus, sometimes spontaneously) 3 Abnormal flexion (decorticate): slow…
Sleep Disorders
© Springer-Verlag Italia 2015Angelo Sghirlanzoni, Giuseppe Lauria and Luisa Chiapparini (eds.)Prognosis of Neurological Diseases10.1007/978-88-470-5755-5_6 6. Sleep Disorders Alessandro Pincherle1 , Giuseppe Didato1 and Flavio Villani1 (1) Clinical Epileptology & Experimental Neurophysiology Unit, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Via Celoria 11,…
