Traumatic Cranial and Peripheral Nerve Injuries Jennifer F. Russo Charles B. Mikell Christopher J. Winfree INTRODUCTION Traumatic injury to peripheral nerves is associated with significant disability and decreased quality of…
Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury Christopher E. Mandigo Michael G. Kaiser Peter D. Angevine INTRODUCTION Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a sudden event with possibly catastrophic effects that may create…
Traumatic Brain Injury Neeraj Badjatia Gunjan Y. Parikh Stephan A. Mayer EPIDEMIOLOGY Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a modern scourge of industrialized society. It is a major cause of death,…
Concussion James M. Noble John F. Crary INTRODUCTION Concussion is a mild traumatic brain injury that has been recognized for centuries as an entity in accidents, battle, and sport. The…
Primary and Secondary Stroke Prevention Charles C. Esenwa Mitchell S. V. Elkind INTRODUCTION Prevention of stroke can be divided into three types: (1) primordial prevention, which focuses on improving community-wide…
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome and Other Cerebrovascular Syndromes Sara K. Rostanski Fawaz Al-Mufti Claire S. Riley Joshua Z. Willey POSTERIOR REVERSIBLE ENCEPHALOPATHY SYNDROME The posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) has…
Neuropsychological Evaluation Yaakov Stern INTRODUCTION Before the availability of high-resolution imaging, neuropsychological evaluation played a role in lesion localization. Currently, neuropsychological testing remains a valuable adjunct to neurologic evaluation, assisting…
Vascular Malformations J. P. Mohr John Pile-Spellman INTRODUCTION This chapter deals with a heterogeneous group of central nervous system (CNS) vascular lesions, including true vascular malformations such as arteriovenous malformations…
Cerebral Venous and Sinus Thrombosis Natalie Organek Jennifer A. Frontera INTRODUCTION Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is thrombosis of the venous channels that drain blood from the brain (Fig. 40.1). Often,…
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Stephan A. Mayer Gary L. Bernardini Robert A. Solomon INTRODUCTION Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) accounts for 5% of all strokes; it affects nearly 30,000 people each year in the…
