Thoracolumbar Osteotomy for Cervical Deformity It is well known that corrective surgeries for thoracolumbar deformity influence cervical spine alignment. 1,2,3,4 In response to spinal malalignment, the human body uses compensatory…
Adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery has a greater potential for complications than most other spinal surgeries. This is in part due to the patient population, which tends to be older…
Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a clinical condition that arises secondary to degenerative changes in the cervical spinal column. 1,2 It is characterized by several clinical symptoms and signs on…
Classification Congenital scoliosis is classically described as a failure of segmentation, formation, or a mixed form. 3 Approximately 80% of anomalies may be classified as either failures of segmentation or…
Cervical deformity surgery typically involves technically demanding and high-risk procedures with specific surgical goals. These procedures can have substantial impact for improving quality of life; however, many techniques used to…
Although there have been a myriad of advances in adult spinal deformity techniques and instrumentation over the past decade, junctional failure at the proximal and distal segments of a long…
The practice of individualized medicine is on the rise in all fields of medicine. When discussing risks and benefits of a particular procedure with patients, surgeons often rely on average…
