Introduction to Neuroendocrine Tumours
Mitosis index Ki-67 index (%) ENETS/WHO definition <2 <3 NET Grade I 2–20 3–20 NET Grade II >20 >20 NEC (small cell or large cell) Grade III Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma…
VIPoma and PPoma
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015Suayib Yalcin and Kjell Öberg (eds.)Neuroendocrine Tumours10.1007/978-3-662-45215-8_14 14. VIPoma and PPoma Christian Rolfo1, Giuseppe Bronte2, Leonor Leider3, Patrick Pauwels4, Konstantinos Papadimitriou1, Antonio Russo2 and Marc Peeters1 (1) Oncology Department and Multidisciplinary Oncology Center of Antwerp (MOCA), Antwerp University…
History of Neuroendocrine Tumors
19. Sakura A (1988) Paul Langerhans (1847–1888): a centenary tribute. J R Soc Med 81:414–415 20. Heidenhain R (1870) Untersuchungen uber den Bau der Labdrusen. Arch Mikr Anat 6:368CrossRef 21….
Molecular Biology of Neuroendocrine Tumors
Fig. 4.1 In NETs, the study of inherited syndromes allowed the identification of the common deregulation of genes involved in the mTOR pathway in these tumors. As a master regulator…
Genetic Syndromes Associated with Neuroendocrine Tumours
Name Neuroendocrine tumor (NET) (frequency) MEN-1 syndrome (MEN-1) (MIM 131100) Pituitary adenoma (5–65 %) (Wermer’s syndrome) Pancreatic NET (80–100 %) Thymic NET (mostly ♂), (<10 %) Lung NET (20–25 %)…
Overview of Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumours
Foregut carcinoids Midgut carcinoids Hindgut carcinoids Thymus Jejunum Transverse colon Bronchus Ileum Descending colon Stomach Ascending colon Sigmoid colon Duodenum Caecum Rectum Appendix Genitourinary tract The ENETS classification 2006/2007, the…
Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation in Patients with Degenerative Cerebellar Diseases: Current Evidence and Future Direction
Fig. 10.1 Sustained increase of oxygenated hemoglobin (oxyHb) signals during treadmill walking in a patients with cerebellar ataxia. While oxyHb signals in the prefrontal cortex gradually decreased during treadmill walking…
Conformational Disease and RNA Disease Theory in the Context of Neurodegenerative Diseases
Symptom Dementia MND ExPy Accumulated protein α-Synuclein DLB PD, MSA Aβ AD Tau AD FTD PSP, CBD TDP-43 FTD ALS FUS FTD ALS Note: Correlations among the typical neurodegenerative…
Significance of Mechanism-Oriented Research Toward Neuronal Protection Therapy Against Neurodegenerative Disorders ~ ZNRF1 E3 Ubiquitin Ligase as a Critical Mediator for Wallerian Degeneration and Neuronal Apoptosis
Insult Effect Axonal degeneration Neuronal apoptosis References 6OHDA Some axons preserved for ~11 days + − Sajadi et al. (2004) MPTP Enhances survival, prevents nigrostriatal axon degeneration, and attenuates neurotransmitter loss…
Home- and Community-based Medical Care for Neurodegenerative Diseases: ALS as an Illustration
Fig. 11.1 Conjunction of small networks centered upon patients 11.4.5 Social Program or System For continuing home-based care, consideration of the economic costs as well as the human costs associated…
