51 Stem Cell–Based Intervertebral Disc Restoration Mengqiao Alan Xi and Mick J. Perez-Cruet Abstract Biologic restoration of the degenerative intervertebral disc is the goal for restoring the natural integrity of…
41 Trans-sacral Approach William D. Tobler Abstract This chapter highlights the features of this distinctive surgical approach (trans-sacral approach) for lumbar fusion. Its anatomic corridor in the presacral space provides…
21 Cervical Arthroplasty K. Daniel Riew and Kevin R. O’Neill Abstract Compared with traditional fusion operations, cervical disc arthroplasty allows the same benefits of neural decompression while preserving motion and…
32 Endoscopic Spine Techniques: An Overview Nima Salari, Christopher Yeung, and Anthony T. Yeung Abstract Posterolateral endoscopic discectomy provides excellent access to the epidural space from pedicle to pedicle facilitating…
26 Anterior Thoracoscopic Vertebral Reconstruction and Instrumentation Francisco Verdú-López and Rudolf W. Beisse Abstract Anterior thoracoscopic surgery with vertebral reconstruction and instrumentation can be used to approach the anterior column…
44 Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery: Lumbar Case Studies Mick J. Perez-Cruet, Richard G. Fessler, Roman Chornij, and Michael Y. Wang Abstract Minimally invasive surgery has made its greatest advances in…
37 Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Placement for Spinal Instrumentation Steven H. Cook, Robert E. Isaacs, Hyun-Chul Shin, Jonathan B. Lesser, Moumita S.R. Choudhury, and Mick J. Perez-Cruet Abstract Percutaneous pedicle screw…
45 Advances in Minimally Invasive Surgery for Spine Tumors A. Karim Ahmed, Alp Yurter, Patricia Zadnik Sullivan, Daniel M. Sciubba, and Rory Goodwin Abstract Minimally invasive approaches for metastatic spine…
38 Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion Mick J. Perez-Cruet, Moumita S.R. Choudhury, Esam A. Elkhatib, and Jorge Mendoza–Torres Abstract The minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MI-TLIF) approach and technique is…
39 Transpsoas Anatomical Approach to the Spine Steven L. Gogela and William D. Tobler Abstract This chapter discusses in detail the anatomy and clinical nuances of operative technique based on…
