64Tubular Access to the Posterior Spine: Fixed Diameter or Expandable Retractors Y. Raja Rampersaud Description To provide access to the posterior spine by means of a paramedian muscle splitting approach…
54Intervertebral Stapling for Spinal Deformity Linda P. D’Andrea, JahanGir Asghar, James T. Guille, and Randal R. Betz Description Vertebral stapling is a method of regulating spinal curvature development in the…
68Percutaneous Lumbar Pedicle Screw Fixation John H. Peloza Description Lumbar percutaneous pedicle screw fixation has many advantages over other fixation techniques. Pedicle screw fixation provides the most rigid three-column stability…
80Dural Repair and Patch Techniques: Anterior and Posterior Milan G. Mody and Laurence D. Rhines Description Incidental or inadvertent durotomies are infrequent (4 to 14% incidence) but serious complications in…
58Anterior Spinal Anchor Strategy Placement and Rod Reduction Techniques Keith H. Bridwell Description Surgical technique for two-screw/two-rod construct for thoracic, thoracolumbar, or lumbar scoliosis. Key Principles To correct the coronal…
31Open Thoracic Corpectomy via the Transthoracic Approach James D. Kang and Mustafa H. Khan Description Access to the anterior thoracic spine is used for decompression and fusion. Key Principles Obtaining…
71Autologous Fibula and Rib Harvesting Joshua D. Auerbach and Kingsley R. Chin Description To harvest autologous fibula or rib bone graft for spinal reconstructive procedures while minimizing donor-site morbidity. Key…
47Anterior Lumbar Diskectomy MatÃas G. Petracchi , Federico P. Girardi , and Frank P. Cammisa, Jr. Description Disk resection by an approach that provides direct visualization of the anterior or…
78Lumbar Spinal Arthroplasty Scott L. Blumenthal Description Spine fusion for degenerative disk disease has been regarded as the gold standard, but this has not produced excellent results, with pseudarthrosis being…
67Minimally Disruptive Lateral Approach to the Lumbar Spine: Extreme-Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion Luiz Pimenta Description The extreme-lateral lumbar interbody fusion (XLIF) procedure is a minimally disruptive direct-lateral, retroperitoneal, trans-psoas approach…
