Fig. 9.1 Oxidative stress-mediated modulation of transcription factors leads to gene transcription involved in neural cells survival and death. Glutamate (Glu), N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA-R), Phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho), cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2),…
Fig. 11.1 Consumption of Western diet suppresses adaptive responses Physical inactivity and lack of sleep are strongly associated with coronary heart disease (Powell et al. 1987), type II diabetes (Helmrich…
Fig. 8.1 Hyperglycemia-mediated formation of superoxide in the mitochondrial electron chain. Manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase (MnSOD); copper/zinc-dependent superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD); hydrogen peroxide (H2O2); and superoxide (O2 −) Thus, hyperglycemia-mediated generation of…
Fig. 6.1 Low and high molecular antioxidants involved in metabolic processes associated with neural cell function ROS perform important biological functions. Low levels of ROS are involved in signal transduction…
(1) Division of Critical Care Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA Abstract This chapter includes 18 clinical signs seen in acute neurologic conditions. The origin of the clinical sign…
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(1) Division of Critical Care Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA Abstract The tools of prognostication in acute neurologic conditions have developed over several decades. This chapter discusses seven…
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(1) Division of Critical Care Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA Abstract This chapter discusses two landmark studies that introduce bioethical questions in the intensive care unit. A historical…
