INTRODUCTION Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains the only neurodegenerative disorder for which there are highly efficacious symptomatic therapies, most importantly dopamine (DA) replacement strategies, which in most patients provide satisfactory motor…
INTRODUCTION In 1963, J. Clifford Richardson (1) described an unusual syndrome of supranuclear gaze palsy, and progressive axial rigidity, pseudobulbar palsy, and mild dementia. Together with John Steele and Jerzy…
INTRODUCTION Movement disorders commonly occur in association with systemic diseases, and they may occasionally be the presenting feature of a systemic disease (1,2). It is therefore imperative to carefully consider…
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INTRODUCTION NEUROPSYCHIATRIC SYMPTOMS IN PARKINSON’S DISEASE A variety of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS), including depression, anxiety, psychotic symptoms, apathy, and impulse-control disorders (ICDs), occur in up to 60% of patients with…
Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurologic disorder manifested by motor, vocal, or phonic tics that, in most cases, start in childhood and are often accompanied by obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity…
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Secondary causes of parkinsonism continue to influence our thinking on the possible etiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and, as a consequence, assume an importance far greater than their incidence in…
Childhood movement disorders are both similar and distinct from movement disorders in adulthood. While the two overlap in their definitions of specific movements, this chapter will serve to highlight the…
